Hydrothermal Vents

Hydrothermal vents arise after seawater comes through the ocean's crust. This creates a stream of fluid and gas that bursts through the crust. They often form along mid-ocean ridges where plate tectonic movement causes a rupture. Many different creatures create ecosystems around thermal vents. One such organism is the tube worm. Tube worms are parasitic and absorb nutrients from bacteria in their bodies. Another organism often found in hydrothermal vents is the Pompeii worm. It is able to live near the extreme temperatures of thermal vents due to its capacity to withstand up to 176 degrees Fahrenheit. 

Hydrothermal Vent

Tubeworms

Pompeii Worm

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FLOURITE

Fluorite is a mineral whose chemical formula is CaF2. This means it is composed of Calcium and Fluorine. When identifying fluorite, one can look at its perfect four-way cleavage break, a four on the hardness scale, and a specific gravity of 3.2. Its colors vary and so does its transparency. Although, fluorite has characterisitc colors of purple, green, and yellow.

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PYRITE

Pyrite often is confused for gold which gives the mineral its common name, "fool's gold". It's chemical formula is FeO2, Iron Sulphide. It can usually be identified by its brassy gold color as well as its metallic luster. It has a hardness of around 6 and a specific gravity around 5 as well as an uneven cleavage break.

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